How to build a better athlete – starting in kindergarten

This Saturday, while drinking my morning tea and perusing the health and fitness sections of various online newspapers as I often do before a starting work, I came across a headline that caught my attention.

Yup, it’s the same one you read above.

Pretty catchy, isn’t it?

You can read the full article from the Globe and Mail here: Build A Better Athlete – Starting in Kindergarten.

The article starts with a vivid recollection of a knee injury suffered by a young man, Eric Sung, while attempting a skateboarding move, described as a bunny hop, in his driveway at home. The journalist then postulates on a potential reason for all the ligaments of his knee tearing with what was described as an odd-angle landing:

“He was 24 at the time, but Mr. Sung’s childhood phys ed teachers could be to blame. According to a growing body of research, the torn knees, twisted ankles and sore backs that plague so many active adults have their origins in the school gymnasium.”

While the fault for Mr. Sung’s knee injury on his childhood teachers is highly debatable and virtually impossible to prove (it was more likely the “odd angle” at which he landed), the idea that the movement patterns we learn as children may serve us in our adulthood is definitely an important one and an area that needs to be further explored.

With many changes in education curricula shifting focus towards pure academic subjects and increased technology use by children and youth (iPads/smartphones/online gaming), there’s been a substantial shift away from physical activity and transitioning towards increased screen time and sedentary behaviours.

Even with (dwindling) mandated physical education classes in school, many children and youth are still missing out on enough appropriate exposure to fundamental movement skills (also called physical literacy – the ability to complete basic movement patterns safely and effectively) required to create a solid movement foundation for later in life.

“Comprehensive Canadian data presented in Montreal this month shows we’re doing no better: Researchers looked at Grade 4 and 5 students in Manitoba, and whether they had acquired 18 basic movement skills – such as running, kicking and hopping – all of which are laid out in the physical education curriculum. The results were dismal. No more than 10 per cent of the kids showed proficiency in any one of the movements. (As in Australia, girls fared the worst.)”

Is that it?

As our youth age, will they be at greater risk for various aches, pains, and traumas? Do we become a nation of adults prone to injury because we didn’t learn to move well as children?

Is there anything that can save us?

Is there any way to reverse this negative trend and create a nation of agile, nimble, injury-proof* citizens?

In the article, Dr Dean Kriellaars, an associate professor in the department of physical therapy at the University of Manitoba “says that as little as two or three hours a week on basic movement skills can boost kids’ proficiency dramatically and nearly eliminate performance differences between boys and girls.”

And this doesn’t have to be accomplished with traditional competitive sports.

In fact, many of the movement training strategies suggested by Dr. Kriellars would simply be playing games where the foundational physical skills and patterns are an integral part of the game but aren’t the main focus. Think back to the days of playing hopscotch or frozen tag in the playground – those simple games helped improve certain physical skills, but those skills weren’t the focus of those games.

The main focus should be on making movement fun, for life.

And that may be the secret on how to build a better athlete.

Here at Primal Human Performance, we couldn’t agree more.

This includes making movement fun for children and youth who aren’t “athletic” in the traditional sense, who aren’t interested in organized, competitive sports.

In our youth programs and working with youth, we believe that every child, with the right guidance and coaching, has the potential to be athletic in their life. They have the potential to master the fundamental movement skills that will allow them to participate in physical activity of their choosing, to the extent that they wish. They can learn to love to move and use their bodies to their full potential.

To that end, our programs are tailored to the individual and designed on building a solid physical literacy foundation for life, minimizing injury risk, and optimizing performance potential, for every type of child.

For some of our clients, that means systematically progressing to higher performance athletic development as they mature and progress, with an end goal of successfully entering collegiate or professional athletics. This may encompass progression to sports specific training, a greater focus on strength and conditioning, or power drills to enhance explosiveness.

For others, it may simply mean learning how to use their bodies efficiently so that they can stay healthy, active and happy as they grow up. Learning to improve their body awareness, basic balance and general coordination. Often, it’s a stepping stone to get a more sedentary child to feel comfortable in their own skin, outside of a potentially daunting competitive gym class where they feel judged and compared to their more athletic peers.

In the end, we really want everyone to move more. And revel in the enjoyment of that movement.

In essence, we want you to play.

*While the term “injury-proof” was used, I’m not aware of any method to completely eliminate the risk of injury from physical activity or even life. What we aim to do is minimize the risk of injury by trying to control for the factors that we can control.

Primal Patterns: How Do You Stack Up?

I don’t know about you, but we at Primal Human Performance take our biomechanics very seriously.

We don’t just go to the mall to hang out, we go to watch, observe, and learn from the huge variety of movement patterns people have; all of these patterns vying to complete typical daily tasks from walking to carrying groceries, to going up and down stairs.

In actuality though, if you deconstructed every single of movement that we humans use throughout the day, you’ll notice that there are simply just a few Primal Patterns that keep cropping up, either independently, or in combinations with each other.

Dr. Stuart McGill, one of the world’s premier spine researchers, describes (by describe, I mean lists) them as follows:

•    Squat/Lift
•    Lunge
•    Twist
•    Push/Pull
•    Gait
•    Balance

Now what if you did one of these, or a few of these, incorrectly?

And what if you repeated that faulty pattern over and over again without even knowing it, day after day, week after week, year after year?

What if your compensation movements just so happened to be in your low back? Or your shoulder? Or your knee?

Perhaps every time you sit down in a chair?

Or every time you go out for a run or lift weights at the gym?

Or every day as you sit in your car, wait for the bus, or do what you do at work?

Gold star for you if you’ve come to the conclusion that maybe, just maybe, your faulty movement pattern may be wearing your body down before its time.

You only have one body. Be nice to it.

Fix your faults.

In the next series of posts, we’ll go through a couple of simple exercises that you can easily incorporate into your day to work on each of the 6 Primal Movement Patterns listed above.

Yours in Optimal Health and Ultimate Performance.

Team Primal

Dangerous job? 40,270 injuries per year! Are you at risk?

Photo Credit: Sylvain Pedneault

If this is your profession, that should scare you.

According to the National Fire Protection Agency in a 3-year period, there were an estimated annual average of 40, 270 firefighter fireground injuries in the U.S. Of these injuries, 24% were attributed to minor sprains/strains, 12% to pain and 34% moderate to severe sprains/strains (1). This accounts for a whopping 70% of total fireground injuries reported!

Since the job requirements are likely fairly similar, it’s not hard to imagine these injury percentages being equivalent here in Canada.

As a firefighter, what does that mean to you?

Quite simply, firefighting is a high risk, dangerous profession!

These types of injuries can cause all sorts of problems, both personally and professionally.

  • Lost time at work
  • Inability to safely complete physical job requirements
  • Placement on modified duties
  • Risk of further injury or disability
  • Challenges with everyday tasks such as playing with kids, exercising
  • Drop in morale and confidence
  • Increased rates of frustration, depression due to pain and dysfunction

So what can you do to protect yourself?

In our opinion, there are two things you can do to put yourself in the best possible position to have not only a long, safe career as a fire fighting professional, but also a healthy life outside of work as well.

Photo Credit: AMagill

“An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure”

The first item is simply represented by the quote above. This means decreasing your risk before you get hurt. This means doing all you can to make sure your body is in the best possible position to tolerate the rigors of your specific work tasks: that your shoulders and rotator cuff are strong enough to pull heavy hoses, that your legs can tolerate repeatedly climbing ladders in full gear, that your back and core are tough enough to withstand crawling through dangerous terrain, or smashing down walls.

Research has shown that having your body conditioned by improving certain fitness factors, much like a professional athlete, will allow you to perform safely at the highest levels possible, with the lowest risk of injury (2, 3).

These factors include:

  • Improving your cardiovascular fitness and stamina to buffer against thermal stress
  • Augmenting anaerobic capacity, allowing you to perform bursts of high intensity work such as breaking down walls and doors
  • Bolstering muscular strength and endurance to help you lift, carry, and drag anything you need to, with greater ease and less strain on your body
  • Optimizing core strength to protect your back against potentially harmful job-specific movement patterns
  • Maximize shoulder stability to avoid disastrous rotator cuff or shoulder injuries

Photo Credit: Joshua Sherurcij

By addressing these important fitness factors before you’re injured and increasing your body’s capacity to tolerate profession-specific stresses in a preventative fashion, you can avoid the unnecessary aggravation and pain of common firefighter sprain/strain injuries to your shoulders and rotator cuff, your neck, your back (upper/lower), or your knees and legs. Your workplace benefits package may cover treatments with highly trained physiotherapists and chiropractors who possess specialized knowledge of your job-specific needs, so be smart – Think prevention, not rehabilitation

“You don’t fix the problem until you define it” John W Snow

Secondly, it’s imperative to treat and rehabilitate your existing injuries properly the first time. This means not just dealing with symptoms and giving you a band-aid solution. These only work superficially, but don’t really fix the problem. Proper treatment and rehab should first involve a comprehensive and thorough assessment to find out the underlying causes and risk factors relating to your injury and it should include a complete treatment plan which addresses them in a task specific, functional manner.

Let’s use the example of a firefighter with low back pain. An assessment would look at the typical positions or movements this individual is exposed to throughout the day:

  • Do they slouch?
  • Do they bend or twist through their back too much?
  • Do they bend forward and backward repeatedly?
  • Do they twist and turn through the wrong parts of the spine?

During treatment, specific exercises or interventions would be implemented to reduce pain, address problem areas, and protect against further injury. These can include:

  • Postural corrections
  • Hip mobility drills
  • Core strengthening exercises
  • Functional retraining

Photo Credit: Joshua Sherurcij

This comprehensive assessment and treatment approach not only treats your injury, it also improves your performance. Not as an afterthought. Not as an aside. But as an integral part of your rehabilitation program.

At Primal Human Performance, we’re focused on specialized treatment for emergency service professionals.  Our practitioners, using a variety of specialized assessment, treatment, and therapy techniques, can diagnose your problem and trace it back to the root causes. From here, we will design and implement an individualized treatment plan that will not only deal with the causes of your injury and get you out of pain, but also take your performance to the next level in the shortest time possible.

Yours in Optimal Health,

Dev Chengkalath, Physiotherapist and Katie Au, Chiropractor

References:

(1) Patterns of firefighter fireground injuries. Karter, MJ. National Fire Protection Association, Fire Analysis and Research Division. May 2009.
(2) Curr Sports Med Rep. 2011 May-Jun;10(3):167-72. Firefighter fitness: improving performance and preventing injuries and fatalities. Smith DL.
(3) J Occup Environ Med. 2010 Mar;52(3):336-9. Implementation of a physician-organized wellness regime (POWR) enforcing the 2007 NFPA standard 1582: injury rate reduction and associated cost savings. Leffer M, Grizzell T.